| 醉墨金陵 |
2007-07-10 12:32 |
[size=3][/size]2005年西方经济学 k8D~\;^
微观第三题 S@*V1NCEg
近年来，苏州成了全国引进外资的典型。但是一些专家认为苏州实际上只是世界工厂的加工车间，出口的都是技术含量不高的低端产品，联作衣服都是贴的人家的牌子，赚的都是极其低廉的加工费。即使是那里密集的电脑生产企业，名义上是高科技产业，实际上与研发、设计无缘，工人们长时间从事简单的装配工作，只能说是高科技产业链条中末端的劳动密集产业环节部分。 ]!x% QD,
对这种情况，美国经济学家TEMPSET1996年曾经就“巴比娃娃”的生产讲过这么一个故事： QDmKpMHA
The raw material for the doll(plastic and hair) are obtained from Taiwan and Japan. Assembly used to be done in those countries, as well as Philippines, but it has now migrate to lower-cost locations in Indonesia ,Malaysia ,and China. The molds themselves cone form the US, as do additional paints used in decorating the doll.Other than labor, China supplies only the cotton cloth used for dresses.On the $2 esport value for the dolls when they leave Hong Kong for the US,about 35cents covers Chinese labor,65cents covers the cost of materials, and the reminder covers transportation and overhead, including profits earned in Hong Kong. The dolls sell for about $10 in the US,of which Mattel earns at least $1, and the rest covers transportation, marketing, wholesaling and retailing in the US. The majority of value-added is therefore from U.S. activity. The dolls sell worldwide at the rate of two dolls every second, and this product alone accounted for $1.4 billion in sales for Mattel in 1995. |/*A6
根据上述材料，试从微观经济角度分析经济全球化进程中，中国加入国际产品内分工、实施开放式成长战略的内在机理、问题以及产业升级的途径（20分）。 |
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